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Gearboxes & Drives · Case study

Two-Stage EV Gearbox with Torque-Biasing Differential

A two-stage reduction gearbox for a light electric vehicle that also carries the differential: the second-stage wheel is bolted to an automatic torque-biasing differential whose half shafts exit through sealed trunnions. The design was taken through housing revisions, spacer variants and a simulation-ready configuration.

United Kingdom SolidWorks KISSsoft Ansys
CAD model of a two-stage EV gearbox housing containing a torque-biasing differential and half shafts
Client
Electric drivetrain developer, United Kingdom (name withheld under NDA)
Platform
SolidWorks, KISSsoft, Ansys
Client region
United Kingdom
Stage 1
Input pinion 23T × 2.25 M / gear 73T × 2.25 M
Stage 2
Pinion 23T × 2.75 M / differential wheel
Sealing
Viton rotary lip seals 40×55×7 and 40×62×7

The challenge

The gearbox had to deliver the vehicle's overall ratio in two helical stages while housing a torque-biasing differential of a defined size, with half shafts leaving the housing on the vehicle's track centreline. The housing had already gone through one casting revision, and the client wanted the next revision to be the last.

The unit also had to be prepared for structural simulation of the housing under combined gear and differential reaction loads, which meant a clean, simplified geometry alongside the fully detailed model.

Our approach

The gear train — 23T × 2.25 M input pinion against a 73T wheel, then a 23T × 2.75 M pinion into the differential wheel — was positioned so the differential sat on the track centreline with the half shafts clearing the housing feet. Both stages were rated for the motor's peak and continuous torque with the target bearing life.

The differential body, spacer, thrust plate and trunnions were modelled as the client's supplied components, and the housing and housing spacer were revised around them: bearing seats, seal housings for the Viton lip seals, a mounting bush pattern and the fastener set (DIN 912 socket caps and DIN 6921 flange screws) were all detailed for the machinist.

A simulation-ready version of the assembly was exported as STEP with small fillets and fasteners suppressed, and the housing was checked in Ansys for stiffness at the bearing bores under peak torque reaction, confirming the revised rib pattern before the casting was committed.

What was delivered

The revised housing went to casting with a full drawing set, the assembly was delivered as native SolidWorks plus STEP, and the simulation configuration let the client's analysts run their own load cases without cleaning up the model. The two-stage layout has since been reused for a wider-track variant with longer half shafts.

  • Full SolidWorks assembly with differential and half shafts
  • Revised housing and spacer drawings
  • Gear rating reports for both stages
  • Simulation-ready STEP configuration
  • Ansys housing stiffness check report

Standards and conventions applied

  • ISO 6336 gear rating
  • DIN 912 / DIN 6921 fastener specifications
  • BS 8888 drawing practice

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